Play is often framed as something we grow out of. In adult life, it is commonly positioned as a reward after productivity, or dismissed as frivolous and unimportant. Contemporary psychological science tells a different story. Play is a core human behaviour that supports emotional regulation, social connection, cognitive flexibility and overall wellbeing across the lifespan. For adults, play is not the opposite of seriousness. It is a complementary capacity that supports resilience and mental health.
At Prosper Health Collective, we often speak with adults across Booragoon, Canning Vale and Stirling who feel disconnected from play and creativity. Many report feeling stuck, burnt out or emotionally flat. Understanding the science behind play can help dispel myths and support adults to re-engage with play in ways that are meaningful, accessible and respectful of individual differences.
What do we mean by play in adulthood?
In psychological science, play is defined less by the activity itself and more by the internal experience. Adult play is typically voluntary, intrinsically motivated and flexible. It involves curiosity, imagination or enjoyment, rather than a focus on outcomes or performance.
For one adult, play may look like gardening, creative writing or music. For another, it may involve social games, physical movement or problem solving. There is no single correct way to play. Neuroaffirming approaches recognise that play varies across people, cultures and neurotypes, and that adults benefit from permission to define play on their own terms.
The science of play and the adult brain
Research in neuroscience and psychology suggests that play supports brain functioning well beyond childhood. Playful experiences activate neural networks associated with reward, motivation and learning. These networks are closely linked to dopamine pathways, which play a role in attention, motivation and emotional regulation.
Studies have shown that playful states can increase cognitive flexibility, which is the ability to shift perspectives, adapt to change and think creatively. This is particularly relevant for adults managing stress, complex roles or ongoing life transitions. Play also supports social bonding by activating systems involved in trust and connection, which can be protective against loneliness and isolation.
Importantly, play is associated with stress modulation. Engaging in enjoyable, absorbing activities can reduce physiological markers of stress and support recovery from prolonged demands. While play is not a treatment in itself, the science suggests it can be a valuable component of a balanced approach to adult wellbeing.
Common myths about adult play
One persistent myth is that play is unproductive. In reality, play can support problem solving, innovation and emotional processing. Another misconception is that play must be spontaneous or energetic. For many adults, especially those managing fatigue, chronic stress or sensory sensitivities, play may be quiet, structured or solitary.
There is also a belief that adults who struggle to play are failing in some way. Psychological perspectives emphasise that reduced playfulness often reflects environmental pressures, past experiences or learned beliefs about worth and productivity. These patterns are understandable responses, not personal shortcomings.
Practical ways adults can reconnect with play
Evidence-informed practice suggests that reintroducing play in adulthood works best when it is gradual and values-based. Rather than adding pressure to “be playful,” adults can start by noticing moments of curiosity or enjoyment that already exist.
Some general strategies include:
• Reframing play as a form of self-care rather than a luxury
• Choosing activities that align with personal interests and energy levels
• Allowing play to be imperfect, quiet or time-limited
• Reducing self-judgement about what play should look like
From a psychological perspective, play can also be integrated into daily routines. This might involve playful movement, creative problem solving at work, or shared humour in relationships. The goal is not constant play, but a flexible capacity to engage with life in ways that feel alive and meaningful.
Why this matters for mental health
While play is not a substitute for psychological support, the science indicates that playfulness can support emotional resilience and self-understanding in adults. It can create space for emotional expression, support identity exploration and enhance connection with others.
For adults seeking support, conversations about play can form part of broader therapeutic work focused on values, wellbeing and sustainable coping. At Prosper Health Collective, our psychologists take a strengths-based, neuroaffirming approach that recognises play as one of many human capacities that can support mental health across adulthood.
If you are interested in learning more about how psychological science applies to adult wellbeing, or you are considering speaking with a psychologist in Booragoon, Canning Vale or Stirling, you can find further information or enquire about appointments here.